内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

Tapping the cheek in front of the ear makes the facial muscles twitch. What is this sign called?

1. AChvostek's sign
2. BKernig's sign
3. CTrousseau's sign
4. DBattle's sign

Which heart rhythm greatly increases the risk of an embolic stroke?

1. ASinus arrhythmia
2. BFirst-degree heart block
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DAtrial fibrillation

How do sulfonylureas such as gliclazide lower blood glucose?

1. AThey make the kidneys pass more glucose
2. BThey make the pancreas release more insulin
3. CThey replace insulin that the body lacks
4. DThey slow down the absorption of food

一名服用格列齐特（一种磺脲类药物）的患者因低血糖入院。为什么需要延长监测时间？

1. A该药只在夜间起作用，因此晨起检查无用
2. B该药作用持续多个小时，低血糖可能再次出现
3. C磺脲类药物自身不会引起低血糖
4. D该药数小时的延迟后才使血糖升高

一名患者卒中后出现同向性偏盲。护士起初应如何帮助？

1. A用眼罩遮盖患侧的眼睛
2. B把呼叫铃和饮品放在看不见的一侧以训练该侧
3. C保持房间昏暗以减少视觉刺激
4. D从看得见的一侧接近，并教其转头扫视

Why is good blood pressure control important in chronic kidney disease?

1. AIt slows the decline in kidney function
2. BIt cures chronic kidney disease
3. CIt raises the haemoglobin level in the blood
4. DIt lowers the blood glucose

Graves 病患者术后体温 39.8 °C，心率 160 次/分，躁动并呕吐。哪一组治疗最恰当？

1. A降温、β 受体阻滞剂、抗甲状腺药物，然后用碘和类固醇
2. B用阿司匹林退热，一周内由全科医生复诊
3. C左甲状腺素和保暖毯，以缓解寒战
4. D限制液体和使用袢利尿剂治疗心动过速

Why might a frail 88-year-old with type 2 diabetes have a less strict HbA1c target?

1. ABecause diabetes cannot damage older people
2. BBecause older people cannot use any glucose medicines
3. CTo save money on blood tests and drugs
4. DTo reduce the risk of hypos, falls and confusion