内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

What is a common complication after a lumbar puncture?

1. AA rapid rise in blood glucose
2. BPermanent paralysis of both legs from nerve damage
3. CLoss of hearing in one ear
4. DA headache that is worse when sitting or standing

What is the lowest possible score on the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. A3
2. B0
3. C1
4. D5

Which head injury is classically linked to a lucid interval after a blow to the side of the head?

1. AConcussion
2. BExtradural haematoma
3. CChronic subdural haematoma
4. DDiffuse axonal injury

What does a positive pronator drift test show?

1. ASubtle weakness in one arm
2. BLoss of hearing on one side
3. CWeakness of the eye muscles
4. DA normal response in older adults

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which teaching point is most important?

1. AExpect an orange tint to tears and urine
2. BTake it with a glass of grapefruit juice to improve its absorption
3. CReport any skin rash promptly, especially in the first weeks
4. DDouble the dose if a seizure happens

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. ADark yellow urine and thirst
2. BA weight loss of 1 kg (2.2 lb) after a hot day
3. CA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
4. DA weight gain of 2 kg (4.4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling

On day 6 after a subarachnoid haemorrhage, a patient becomes newly confused and develops weakness in one arm. The aneurysm was secured on day 1. What is the most likely cause?

1. AHypoglycaemia from reduced eating
2. BRe-bleeding from the secured aneurysm
3. CDelayed cerebral ischaemia from vasospasm
4. DNormal tiredness after major surgery

一名疑似卒中的患者在发病两小时后到达。毛细血管血糖为 2.4 mmol/L（43 mg/dL）。接下来应怎么做？

1. A忽略血糖，因为它与卒中评估无关
2. B不再进一步检查，立即溶栓
3. C纠正低血糖并重新评估神经系统体征
4. D静脉注射胰岛素以保护脑细胞