内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

哪个水平的脊髓损伤最可能使膈肌停止工作？

1. AL3 或以下的完全性损伤
2. BC3 或以上的完全性损伤
3. CT10 或以下的完全性损伤
4. DS2 或以下的完全性损伤

疑似脊柱损伤的患者应如何翻身？

1. A由团队协作轴线翻身，保持脊柱对齐
2. B让患者自己缓慢翻身
3. C先转动肩部，再转动臀部
4. D由一个人抬着手臂和腿翻身

How is the pain of renal colic typically described?

1. APain in the right lower abdomen that started near the navel
2. BBurning pain in the chest after meals
3. CSevere pain that comes in waves from the loin to the groin
4. DA dull ache in the lower back after lifting

A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?

1. AA high-calorie diet with enough protein
2. BA strict low-protein diet
3. CA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
4. DA diet very high in caffeine for energy

How does the nurse test the facial nerve (VII)?

1. AAsk them to raise the eyebrows, shut the eyes tightly and smile
2. BTouch the forehead, cheek and chin with cotton wool
3. CShine a light in each eye and check the pupil response
4. DAsk the patient to stick out the tongue and move it from side to side

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. ADark yellow urine and thirst
2. BA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
3. CA weight gain of 2 kg (4.4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling
4. DA weight loss of 1 kg (2.2 lb) after a hot day

A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. APossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded
2. BNormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all
3. CA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
4. DCertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored

Graves 病患者术后体温 39.8 °C，心率 160 次/分，躁动并呕吐。哪一组治疗最恰当？

1. A限制液体和使用袢利尿剂治疗心动过速
2. B降温、β 受体阻滞剂、抗甲状腺药物，然后用碘和类固醇
3. C用阿司匹林退热，一周内由全科医生复诊
4. D左甲状腺素和保暖毯，以缓解寒战