内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

A patient with advanced CKD has a high potassium. Which foods are often limited?

1. ABananas, potatoes and oranges
2. BEgg whites, chicken and fish
3. CWhite rice, pasta and bread
4. DApples, berries and cabbage

Which statement about Huntington's disease is correct?

1. AIt is cured by levodopa
2. BIt mainly affects children under the age of five years
3. CIt is caused by a bacterial infection of the brain
4. DIt is inherited and causes involuntary jerky movements

Which hormone do the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets make?

1. ASomatostatin
2. BGlucagon
3. CAmylase
4. DInsulin

哪个格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分通常提示患者可能无法保护自己的气道？

1. A8 分或以下
2. B11 分或以上
3. C13 分或以下
4. D15 分

A patient has just started levetiracetam. Which side effect should the nurse teach them to report?

1. AOrange discoloration of the urine
2. BA persistent dry cough at night
3. CChanges in mood, such as irritability, low mood or anger
4. DSwelling and overgrowth of the gums around the teeth

A patient takes levodopa for Parkinson's disease. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AThe tablets work best taken with a large steak dinner
2. BThe drug cures the disease if taken for a full year
3. CLarge high-protein meals can reduce how well the drug works
4. DStop the drug for a day each week to avoid tolerance

Why might a frail 88-year-old with type 2 diabetes have a less strict HbA1c target?

1. ATo reduce the risk of hypos, falls and confusion
2. BBecause diabetes cannot damage older people
3. CBecause older people cannot use any glucose medicines
4. DTo save money on blood tests and drugs

The nurse has four patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient on insulin for DKA whose potassium is now 2.9 mmol/L
2. BA patient with Parkinson's disease whose next dose is due in two hours
3. CA patient with stable CKD waiting for a renal diet review
4. DA patient with hypothyroidism asking when to take levothyroxine