内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

哪个水平的脊髓损伤最可能使膈肌停止工作？

1. AS2 或以下的完全性损伤
2. BC3 或以上的完全性损伤
3. CT10 或以下的完全性损伤
4. DL3 或以下的完全性损伤

In dialysis care, what does "dry weight" mean?

1. AThe weight of the patient's clothes
2. BThe weight after the patient has drunk nothing for a day
3. CThe weight measured with an empty bladder
4. DThe weight without excess fluid in the body

How do sulfonylureas such as gliclazide lower blood glucose?

1. AThey slow down the absorption of food
2. BThey make the pancreas release more insulin
3. CThey replace insulin that the body lacks
4. DThey make the kidneys pass more glucose

A patient has just started levetiracetam. Which side effect should the nurse teach them to report?

1. AA persistent dry cough at night
2. BSwelling and overgrowth of the gums around the teeth
3. COrange discoloration of the urine
4. DChanges in mood, such as irritability, low mood or anger

一名 SIADH 患者血钠 126 mmol/L，症状轻微。通常的一线治疗是什么？

1. A去氨加压素
2. B限制液体
3. C额外口服水
4. D静脉输注 5% 葡萄糖

Which nursing care is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

1. AA strict fluid restriction to reduce the amount of urine passed
2. BWeighing the patient once a month
3. CGiving a loop diuretic to clear extra fluid
4. DStrict fluid balance, daily weight and free access to water

A patient with a brain injury has a mean arterial pressure of 80 mmHg and an ICP of 25 mmHg. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. AThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 55 mmHg, below the usual target
2. BThe ICP cannot affect brain perfusion if the blood pressure is normal
3. CThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 105 mmHg, which is too high
4. DThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 80 mmHg, which is normal

The nurse has four patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with Parkinson's disease whose next dose is due in two hours
2. BA patient on insulin for DKA whose potassium is now 2.9 mmol/L
3. CA patient with hypothyroidism asking when to take levothyroxine
4. DA patient with stable CKD waiting for a renal diet review