内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

哪个腺体产生皮质醇？

1. A甲状腺
2. B肾上腺皮质
3. C肾上腺髓质
4. D垂体后叶

Which is a common effect of long-term corticosteroid treatment?

1. AA lower risk of infections
2. BThinning of the bones
3. CWeight loss and a slim face
4. DLow blood glucose

Which ECG change is typical of hyperkalaemia?

1. AProminent U waves
2. BTall, peaked T waves
3. CFlattened T waves
4. DA shortened PR interval

头部受伤后，一名患者鼻子里滴出清亮液体。主要的担忧是什么？

1. A颅骨骨折引起的脑脊液漏
2. B对 CT 造影剂过敏
3. C哭泣后产生的正常黏液
4. D单纯感冒或花粉症发作

A patient's fistula starts to bleed at home after the needles were removed. What should they do first?

1. ARaise the arm and let it bleed freely
2. BApply a tight tourniquet above the fistula
3. CPress firmly on the site with clean gauze
4. DWait for the next dialysis session

What does a positive pronator drift test show?

1. ASubtle weakness in one arm
2. BWeakness of the eye muscles
3. CA normal response in older adults
4. DLoss of hearing on one side

A patient with multiple sclerosis has had worse leg weakness for one day, together with a fever and burning on passing urine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA side effect of physiotherapy
2. BA change to progressive MS
3. CA true relapse that needs high-dose steroids
4. DA pseudo-relapse caused by infection

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching a new patient how to inject insulin
2. BChecking pre-meal glucose and reporting results out of range
3. CAssessing a confused patient whose glucose is 2.6 mmol/L (47 mg/dL)
4. DDeciding the dose of correction insulin from the glucose result