内外科护理：神经、内分泌与肾脏练习卷（附答案）

糖尿病酮症酸中毒时，通常首先给予哪种液体？

1. A静脉 50% 葡萄糖溶液
2. B口服含糖饮料和水
3. C静脉 0.9% 氯化钠
4. D静脉注射用灭菌水

Which cranial nerves are mainly involved in the gag reflex?

1. AGlossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
2. BOlfactory (I) and optic (II)
3. CTrigeminal (V) and facial (VII)
4. DOculomotor (III) and abducens (VI)

Which symptoms are typical of cystitis (a bladder infection)?

1. AHigh fever, shaking rigors and pain in the loin
2. BPainless red urine with clots
3. CSwelling of the ankles and frothy urine
4. DBurning on passing urine, frequency and urgency

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. AA weight gain of 2 kg (4.4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling
2. BDark yellow urine and thirst
3. CA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
4. DA weight loss of 1 kg (2.2 lb) after a hot day

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal nausea from the drug
2. BA simple urinary tract infection
3. CAcute pancreatitis
4. DLow blood glucose

A patient with myasthenia gravis wants to plan a busy day. Which advice fits the disease?

1. AExercise to exhaustion so the muscles get stronger quickly
2. BAvoid rest periods, because rest makes the weakness worse
3. CDo the hardest tasks in the evening when muscles are warmed up
4. DDo demanding tasks in the morning or when the drug works best

一名中枢性尿崩症患者开始使用去氨加压素。护士应监测哪种并发症？

1. A高血糖
2. B高钾血症
3. C严重腹泻
4. D低钠血症

The nurse has four endocrine patients. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with Graves' disease asking about radioactive iodine
2. BA patient with hypothyroidism who has been constipated for three days
3. CA patient with hyperthyroidism who is confused, with a temperature of 39.5 °C (103.1 °F)
4. DA patient after thyroidectomy with mild pain on swallowing