精神科护理练习卷（附答案）

A patient's arm stays in an odd raised position for a long time after the nurse moves it. What is this called?

1. AWaxy flexibility
2. BTardive dyskinesia
3. CAkathisia
4. DEchopraxia

In a dark room, a patient mistakes a coat hanging on the door for a man standing there. What is this called?

1. AAn idea of reference
2. BA hallucination
3. CAn illusion
4. DA delusion

A patient says that other people can hear his thoughts as if they were spoken aloud. What is this called?

1. AThought blocking
2. BFlight of ideas
3. CThought broadcasting
4. DEcholalia

An 80-year-old man often talks about his life and his achievements. According to Erikson, which task is he working on?

1. AGenerativity versus stagnation
2. BIntegrity versus despair
3. CIntimacy versus isolation
4. DIdentity versus role confusion

A patient from a culture in which communication with ancestors is common says she sometimes hears her late grandmother giving advice. What is the most appropriate nursing approach?

1. AAvoid asking about it, because culture is not relevant to mental health
2. BRecord it immediately as a command hallucination
3. CExplore the experience in her cultural context before calling it a symptom
4. DTell her that her beliefs are not real

When is the risk of suicide particularly high for patients after psychiatric inpatient care?

1. AThere is no change in risk after discharge
2. BOnly after one year at home
3. COnly while the patient is asleep in hospital
4. DIn the first weeks after discharge

A patient with schizophrenia has marked negative symptoms. He stays in bed most of the day and neglects his hygiene. Which nursing approach is most helpful?

1. ALet him stay in bed, because negative symptoms cannot change
2. BTell him firmly that he will lose his ward privileges unless he gets up and showers at once
3. CAgree a simple daily routine with small, achievable activities and give positive feedback
4. DWait until he asks to join activities before involving him

一名精神分裂症患者拒绝服用抗精神病药，说它让他觉得迟钝。最佳的初始回应是什么？

1. A告诉他，如果他不口服药片，就会被约束并注射
2. B记录“拒绝”，以后再也不讨论
3. C把药藏在他的食物里
4. D了解他的原因和副作用，并告知团队，以便复核治疗