精神科护理练习卷（附答案）

In behaviour therapy, what is positive reinforcement?

1. ARemoving a reward so that a behaviour becomes less likely
2. BAdding an unpleasant consequence so that a behaviour stops
3. CIgnoring all of the patient's behaviour so that the patient learns to cope alone without staff
4. DAdding a reward after a behaviour so that the behaviour becomes more likely

A withdrawn patient comes to the day room for the first time. The nurse says, "Good morning, Mr Ahmed. I see you've joined us today." Which technique is this?

1. AGiving approval
2. BVoicing doubt
3. CPresenting reality
4. DGiving recognition

According to Erikson, what is the main psychosocial task of adolescence?

1. ATrust versus mistrust
2. BIntegrity versus despair
3. CIdentity versus role confusion
4. DIndustry versus inferiority

What is the key difference between factitious disorder and malingering?

1. AMalingering is a severe mental disorder, while factitious disorder is not classed as a mental disorder at all
2. BIn factitious disorder, the symptoms are not produced on purpose at all
3. CIn factitious disorder, the aim is to be seen as ill; in malingering, the aim is an external reward
4. DThere is no real difference between them, and both terms mean exactly the same thing

哪些体征是阿片类药物戒断的典型表现？

1. A沉睡和便秘
2. B打哈欠、流鼻涕、瞳孔散大、起鸡皮疙瘩和腹泻
3. C针尖样瞳孔和呼吸变慢
4. D末次服药后一天内出现高热、铅管样强直和意识模糊

Which question is the best way to ask a patient about suicidal thoughts?

1. A"You're not thinking of doing anything silly, are you?"
2. B"You wouldn't hurt yourself, would you?"
3. C"Are you having thoughts of killing yourself?"
4. D"Things aren't that bad, are they?"

A 20-year-old recovering from a first episode of psychosis smokes cannabis every day. What should the nurse include in teaching?

1. ACannabis protects against psychosis and can replace his medicine
2. BSmoking more cannabis will help him sleep and prevent relapse
3. CCannabis has no effect on mental health
4. DCannabis use increases the risk of psychotic symptoms returning

A patient taking valproate has severe abdominal pain spreading to her back, with nausea and vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASimple indigestion
2. BSerotonin syndrome
3. CLithium toxicity
4. DPancreatitis