精神科护理练习卷（附答案）

一名住院的 6 岁男孩又开始吮拇指和尿床。这是哪种防御机制？

1. A理智化
2. B升华
3. C退行
4. D投射

服用单胺氧化酶抑制剂（MAOI）的患者必须避免哪类食物？

1. A米饭和意大利面
2. B新鲜蔬菜
3. C鲜牛奶和原味酸奶，因为含钙
4. D酪胺含量高的食物，如陈年奶酪和腌制肉类

A woman would like friends but avoids social situations because she is very afraid of rejection and criticism. Which personality disorder does this suggest?

1. AAvoidant
2. BNarcissistic
3. CAntisocial
4. DSchizoid

According to DSM-5, how long must signs of the disturbance last before schizophrenia can be diagnosed?

1. AAt least 2 years, including 6 months of active symptoms
2. BAt least 6 months, including at least 1 month of active symptoms
3. CAt least 2 weeks of continuous symptoms
4. DAt least 1 month, with no further time required

Which criteria are needed for a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

1. AMemory loss and confusion that start for the first time after the age of 65
2. BAn IQ score alone, measured at any time in adult life
3. CLimits in both intellectual and adaptive functioning, starting in childhood
4. DProblems with reading only, with normal everyday functioning

哪一组表现提示抗精神病药恶性综合征？

1. A高热、严重的“铅管样”肌强直、意识模糊、血压不稳和 CK 升高
2. B体重增加和血糖升高
3. C细微震颤和口渴加重
4. D在使用新的 5-羟色胺能药物后数小时内出现反射亢进、阵挛、腹泻、瞳孔扩大和激越

A patient with anxiety asks for her PRN lorazepam every time it is due. What is the best nursing approach?

1. ARefuse to give it, because she might become dependent
2. BAssess her anxiety each time, offer other coping strategies and give it if indicated
3. CAlways give it as soon as she asks, without assessment
4. DGive her a placebo tablet instead, without telling her, to see whether she really needs it

A patient finds clothes in her wardrobe she does not remember buying, has gaps in her memory and is called by different names by people she does not know. Which condition is most likely?

1. ADissociative identity disorder
2. BBipolar I disorder
3. CSchizophrenia
4. DBorderline personality disorder