护理学基础练习卷（附答案）

Which infection needs airborne precautions?

1. APulmonary tuberculosis
2. BAn MRSA wound infection
3. CClostridioides difficile diarrhoea
4. DA urinary tract infection with E. coli

What is urinary retention?

1. ALeaking urine without control
2. BBeing unable to empty the bladder fully
3. CProducing very dilute urine
4. DPassing small amounts of urine too often

Why do people shiver when they are cold?

1. AMuscle activity produces heat
2. BShivering lowers the heart rate to save energy
3. CShivering widens the blood vessels in the skin
4. DShivering lets heat escape through the skin

How is pitting oedema checked?

1. APinch the skin on the back of the hand and see how fast it falls back
2. BMeasure the width of both calves with a tape measure once a week and compare them
3. CPress over a bony area such as the shin for a few seconds and look for a dent
4. DPress on the nail bed and time the return of colour

A patient with a weak left leg walks with a stick in the right hand. What is the correct sequence?

1. AMove the stick and the right leg together, then the left leg
2. BMove the stick and the left leg forward together, then the right leg
3. CMove the right leg first, then the stick, then the left leg
4. DMove both legs forward together first, then bring the stick level with them

A patient tells the nurse about abuse and asks them to keep it a secret. What should the nurse say?

1. AThat they promise to keep it secret, so the patient keeps trusting them
2. BThat they will tell everyone on the ward so the patient is safe
3. CThat they cannot promise secrecy if someone is at risk of harm
4. DThat they cannot listen to this and the patient should tell a doctor

A patient with diabetes has had foot-care teaching. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll check my feet every day, using a mirror if needed."
2. B"I'll dry carefully between my toes after washing."
3. C"I'll wear shoes that fit well and never walk barefoot."
4. D"I'll soak my feet in hot water every evening."

Three days after abdominal surgery, a patient coughs and the wound opens with bowel visible. What should the nurse do first?

1. APush the bowel gently back into the abdomen, then apply a firm bandage over it
2. BLeave the wound uncovered so the surgeon can see it
3. CCover it with sterile saline-soaked dressings and call for urgent help
4. DSit the patient fully upright and ask them to cough again