护理学基础练习卷（附答案）

搬运重物时，哪项原则有助于预防背部损伤？

1. A尽可能快地搬起
2. B让重物靠近身体
3. C搬起时扭转躯干
4. D双腿伸直、弯腰

What is the approximate normal white cell count in adults?

1. A150–400 × 10⁹/L
2. B4–11 × 10⁹/L
3. C0.5–1 × 10⁹/L
4. D20–30 × 10⁹/L

Which symptoms are typical of high blood glucose (hyperglycaemia)?

1. AThirst, passing a lot of urine and tiredness
2. BSlow pulse, cold skin and shivering
3. CItchy rash, wheeze and swollen lips
4. DShaking, sweating and a fast, pounding heartbeat

When should blood cultures be taken in a patient with suspected sepsis?

1. AOnly after three days of antibiotics, to see if they are working
2. BOnly if the temperature rises above 40 °C
3. CBefore antibiotics are given, as long as this does not delay them
4. DAfter the patient has recovered from the infection

Why should a tourniquet not be left on for a long time before taking blood?

1. AIt stops the needle from entering the vein because the vein is too hard
2. BIt makes the patient's arm grow stronger
3. CIt can change the results, for example by concentrating the blood
4. DIt makes the blood turn blue in the tube

What does the Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) score assess?

1. AThe cannula site for signs of phlebitis
2. BThe risk of an allergic reaction to IV drugs
3. CThe patient's eyesight before surgery
4. DThe speed of an infusion pump

一名患者 24 小时入量为 2400 mL，测得的总出量为 1800 mL。液体平衡是多少？

1. A正平衡 600 mL
2. B负平衡 600 mL
3. C平衡，因为两个数值都很高
4. D正平衡 4200 mL

A patient says, "I've bought nicotine patches and I'm stopping smoking on Monday." Which stage of change is this?

1. AAction
2. BPreparation
3. CMaintenance
4. DContemplation