儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

Why are infants and young children more likely than adults to get middle ear infections (otitis media)?

1. ATheir ear canals are longer and narrower than those of adults
2. BTheir eardrums are thicker and cannot move with pressure changes
3. CTheir Eustachian tubes are shorter, wider and more horizontal
4. DThey make more earwax, which traps bacteria in the middle ear

What is the recommended chest compression rate during CPR on a child or infant?

1. A60 to 80 per minute
2. B100 to 120 per minute
3. C140 to 160 per minute
4. D30 to 40 per minute

哪种游戏类型是幼儿的典型特点？

1. A平行游戏：在其他儿童旁边玩，但不与他们一起玩
2. B竞争性的团队游戏
3. C有规则的单人棋盘游戏
4. D合作游戏：按共同的规则和既定的角色一起玩

Which defect classically causes a continuous "machinery" murmur?

1. AAtrial septal defect
2. BIsolated pulmonary stenosis with an intact ventricular septum
3. CTetralogy of Fallot
4. DPatent ductus arteriosus

In acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, which assessment is especially important?

1. ASerum bilirubin
2. BPeak flow
3. CBlood pressure
4. DBlood glucose

Which measure is most important in preventing infection in a child with neutropenia?

1. AGiving routine antibiotics to all family members
2. BCareful hand hygiene by everyone in contact with the child
3. CKeeping all visitors, including the parents, out of the child's room
4. DWearing a mask only when the child has a fever

The parent of a child on chemotherapy calls to say the child has a temperature of 38.5 °C (101.3 °F). What is the correct advice?

1. AGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and call back if the fever lasts more than 2 days
2. BWait until the next clinic visit, as fever is common
3. CGive a cool bath and keep the child at home
4. DBring the child to hospital straight away for assessment and IV antibiotics

Which IV fluid is usually used for a fluid bolus in a child with shock?

1. A10% glucose solution
2. BAn isotonic crystalloid such as 0.9% sodium chloride
3. C5% glucose in water, given as fast as possible
4. D0.18% sodium chloride with 4% glucose, given quickly