儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

How should an infant with gastro-oesophageal reflux be placed to sleep?

1. AOn the left side, wedged with pillows
2. BOn the back, as for all babies
3. CSitting up in a car seat all night
4. DOn the tummy to reduce reflux

一名幼儿可能吞下了家用化学品。对家长的正确第一步建议是什么？

1. A给孩子喝盐水催吐
2. B立即致电毒物信息中心或急救服务
3. C用手指刺激咽喉催吐，然后再打电话给医生
4. D等着看是否出现症状

Why do children with long-standing cyanotic heart disease develop a high red blood cell count (polycythaemia)?

1. ABecause the heart makes red blood cells
2. BTo compensate for chronic hypoxia
3. CBecause the spleen stops working
4. DBecause of too much iron in the diet

A child receiving chemotherapy has painful mouth ulcers (mucositis). Which mouth care is best?

1. AA hard toothbrush and lemon–glycerine swabs to clean the ulcers
2. BMouthwash containing alcohol several times a day
3. CA soft toothbrush or sponge, bland rinses and soft, cool foods
4. DSpicy and acidic foods to stimulate saliva flow

In a large ventricular septal defect, in which direction does blood mainly flow through the defect?

1. AFrom left to right, increasing blood flow to the lungs
2. BFrom right to left, causing cyanosis from birth
3. CThere is no flow at all, because the pressures in both ventricles are always equal
4. DFrom the aorta into the pulmonary veins

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred over the adult "rule of nines" for estimating burn size in children?

1. AIt counts the number of blisters on the body
2. BIt is mainly used for small burns of the hands, feet and face in children
3. CIt measures the depth of the burn rather than its area
4. DIt adjusts for the larger head and smaller legs of young children

A preterm baby on milk feeds develops a distended abdomen, larger gastric aspirates and blood in the stool. What should the nurse do first?

1. ARecord it and review at the next feed
2. BIncrease the feeds to help the bowel work
3. CStop feeds and report at once
4. DGive a glycerine suppository and wait

A child is recovering from Kawasaki disease at home. Which finding is expected in the recovery phase?

1. ASudden chest pain during play
2. BPeeling skin on the fingers and toes
3. CA new purple rash on the legs
4. DA new high fever lasting several days