儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

Which statement about head lice is correct?

1. AThey only affect children with dirty hair who do not wash it often
2. BThey spread by head-to-head contact and are not a sign of poor hygiene
3. CThey mainly live on pets and pass to children from dogs and cats
4. DThey jump or fly from one child to another across the classroom

A 14-year-old is convinced that everyone at school notices her small pimple. Which concept describes this?

1. AObject permanence
2. BParallel play
3. CThe imaginary audience
4. DSeparation anxiety

Which symptom is typical of scabies?

1. APainless red patches that slowly spread outward over months
2. BIntense itching, worse at night, with burrows between the fingers
3. CLarge blisters on the soles of the feet after walking
4. DDry, flaky scalp with dandruff but no itching

哪项是再次接种同一种疫苗的真正禁忌证？

1. A过敏家族史
2. B上一剂后注射部位发红和疼痛
3. C上一剂后出现低热
4. D上一剂该疫苗后发生过敏性休克

Using the 100–50–20 rule, what is the daily maintenance fluid requirement for a 15 kg child?

1. A1250 mL per day
2. B1500 mL per day
3. C750 mL per day
4. D1000 mL per day

Why are IV fluids for young children given with an infusion pump or a volume-control set?

1. ATo prevent accidental fluid overload
2. BTo remove bacteria from the fluid
3. CTo make the fluid warmer before it enters the vein
4. DTo allow the child to adjust the rate

A 5-year-old insists that a tall, thin glass holds more juice than a short, wide glass, although he saw the same amount poured into each. What explains this?

1. AHe is showing abstract reasoning typical of the formal operational stage
2. BHe has a visual problem and needs an eye examination
3. CIt is a sign of intellectual disability that needs assessment
4. DHe has not yet developed conservation, which is typical of the preoperational stage

A child has suspected septic shock. Which action is the most time-critical?

1. AGiving oral antibiotics and reviewing the child again in the morning
2. BStarting antibiotics after the fever has been present for 24 hours
3. CWaiting for the blood culture results before starting any antibiotic treatment
4. DGiving IV antibiotics as soon as possible, ideally within the first hour