儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

按照埃里克森的理论，婴儿期（出生至约 1 岁）的发展任务是什么？

1. A自我同一性对角色混乱
2. B信任对不信任
3. C亲密对孤独
4. D自主对羞耻与怀疑

Which signs suggest a urinary tract infection in an infant?

1. AA clear runny nose and a mild cough
2. BClear complaints of burning and stinging when passing urine
3. CPain in the lower back that the baby points to
4. DFever, poor feeding, vomiting and irritability

What does the HbA1c blood test show in a child with diabetes?

1. AThe blood glucose at the exact moment of the test
2. BWhether ketones are present in the blood right now
3. CThe average blood glucose over about the past 2–3 months
4. DThe amount of insulin the pancreas is making on the day of the test

Which advice is first-line for a school-age child with functional constipation?

1. ADaily enemas given at home by the parents for several months, without other changes
2. BAvoiding the toilet at school until the problem has settled
3. CMore fibre and fluids, a regular toilet time after meals and laxatives if prescribed
4. DCutting out all fruit and vegetables to soften the stools

Which finding suggests repeated self-induced vomiting?

1. ASwelling of the ankles and puffy eyes
2. BYellow skin, itching and dark urine
3. CA butterfly rash on the cheeks and patchy hair loss
4. DCalluses on the knuckles and loss of tooth enamel

Which signs in a 2-day-old baby suggest sepsis?

1. AUnstable temperature, poor feeding, lethargy and breathing difficulty
2. BSmall white spots on the nose and a pink face
3. CHiccups after feeds with a strong, lusty cry between feeds
4. DRegular feeding with six wet nappies a day

A 25 kg child needs maintenance IV fluids. Using the 100–50–20 rule, what is the hourly rate?

1. AAbout 25 mL per hour
2. BAbout 104 mL per hour
3. CAbout 67 mL per hour
4. DAbout 50 mL per hour

A 3-year-old was pulled from a pool after a brief submersion. She is now awake and coughs now and then. What should the nurse advise?

1. AOnly seek care if she develops a fever in the next week
2. BTake her straight home, because she is awake, talking and only coughing now and then
3. CObserve her in hospital for several hours, as breathing problems can develop later
4. DGive her a warm drink and put her to bed for a long sleep