儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

What is a positive Brudzinski sign?

1. AThe toes fan out when the sole of the foot is stroked
2. BThe child cannot straighten the knee when the hip is flexed
3. CThe pupils become unequal in size after a head injury
4. DBending the neck forward causes the hips and knees to flex

Which pattern is typical of roseola infantum?

1. AA bright red rash on both cheeks, like a slap
2. BItchy blisters in crops that crust over within days
3. CHigh fever for a few days, then a pink rash as the fever settles
4. DA rash that appears first, followed by a whole week of high fever and cough

Which vaccine has made acute epiglottitis much less common in children?

1. APneumococcal conjugate vaccine
2. BRotavirus vaccine given by mouth
3. CMeasles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine
4. DHaemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine

Which signs suggest digoxin toxicity in a child?

1. AFast heart rate with high blood pressure
2. BNausea, vomiting, poor feeding and a slow heart rate
3. CIncreased appetite, extra energy and rapid weight gain over a few days
4. DHigh fever with a spreading red rash

Which daily monitoring is most useful for a child with nephrotic syndrome?

1. AHead circumference and fontanelle tension
2. BWeight and urine dipstick for protein
3. CBlood glucose before and after every meal
4. DPeak flow and oxygen saturation every morning

A family has a 2-year-old. Which advice about medicines at home is best?

1. ACall medicines "sweets" so the child is happy to take them
2. BKeep daily medicines in a handbag so they are always at hand
3. CLock all medicines away, out of reach and sight, in child-resistant containers
4. DRely on child-resistant caps alone, since toddlers are not strong enough to open them

Which finding helps to distinguish epiglottitis from croup?

1. ADrooling, high fever and a toxic look, without a barking cough
2. BA hoarse voice with mild fever and a runny nose
3. CA barking cough that is worse at night after a cold
4. DSymptoms that improve within hours after a single dose of oral corticosteroid

A 5-year-old with leukaemia tells the nurse she is ill because she was naughty. What is the best response?

1. AReassure her clearly that nothing she did or thought made her ill
2. BExplain the cell biology of leukaemia to her in detail
3. CAgree that being good may help her get better faster
4. DIgnore the remark, as she is too young to understand