儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

关于幼儿使用后向式汽车安全座椅，一般建议是什么？

1. A后向座椅只适用于新生儿
2. B在座椅的身高和体重限制范围内，让孩子尽可能长时间保持后向
3. C只要孩子能独立坐稳，无论体重多少，就把座椅转为前向
4. D所有孩子到 6 个月时就把座椅转为前向

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes in children?

1. AInsulin resistance caused mainly by obesity and inactivity
2. BAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells
3. CA lack of glucagon from the alpha cells of the pancreas
4. DToo much insulin being produced by an overactive pancreas

Which food is a good source of iron for a toddler?

1. ALean red meat or iron-fortified cereal
2. BPlain white rice and pasta
3. CLarge amounts of cow's milk
4. DApple juice with every meal

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant) on a children's ward?

1. AMeasuring and recording the vital signs of a stable child
2. BCarrying out the admission assessment of a new patient
3. CTeaching a parent how to give insulin injections
4. DAssessing pain after surgery and choosing the analgesia

对于有呕吐的轻至中度脱水儿童，应如何给予口服补液盐溶液？

1. A与果汁混合以改善口味
2. B少量、频繁地给予，例如用勺子或注射器
3. C每隔几小时一次大量饮用
4. D仅在呕吐停止 24 小时后才给，以避免进一步丢失

Which stool pattern is typical of Hirschsprung disease in an older child?

1. ANormal stools with occasional itching around the anus at night
2. BChronic constipation with thin, ribbon-like, foul-smelling stools and distension
3. CFrequent bloody diarrhoea with fever after eating chicken
4. DPale, bulky, fatty stools that float and are hard to flush, with a large appetite

A 3-month-old has large, flat, blue-grey patches over the lower back and buttocks. The parents say they have been there since birth. What is the best action?

1. ARequest urgent clotting tests and a full blood count to look for a bleeding disorder
2. BReport them straight away to the safeguarding team as suspected physical abuse
3. CApply cold packs several times a day to reduce the discoloration
4. DDocument them with size and location as congenital dermal melanocytosis (Mongolian spots)

A 15-year-old in traction for a femur fracture is withdrawn and irritable. Which intervention best fits his developmental stage?

1. AMove him to a room with toddlers so the ward is less lonely
2. BSet a strict timetable for him that staff decide without his input
3. CArrange contact with friends and let him control parts of his daily routine
4. DAsk his parents to stay with him at all times and make decisions for him