儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

What is the recommended chest compression rate during CPR on a child or infant?

1. A30 to 40 per minute
2. B140 to 160 per minute
3. C60 to 80 per minute
4. D100 to 120 per minute

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

1. AA single gene inherited from both carrier parents
2. BInfection with rubella in early pregnancy
3. CA missing X chromosome in a girl
4. DAn extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)

What type of vaccine is the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine?

1. AA conjugate polysaccharide vaccine
2. BA live attenuated vaccine
3. CAn inactivated toxoid vaccine
4. DAn mRNA vaccine

Which statement reflects current guidance about introducing allergenic foods, such as egg and peanut, to infants?

1. AThey should only be given after a skin prick test in every infant
2. BThey should be given from 6 weeks, mixed into the baby's milk
3. CThey can be introduced from around 6 months as part of solids, and delaying them does not prevent allergy
4. DThey should be avoided until at least 3 years of age, because early contact is what causes most food allergies

A child receiving chemotherapy has painful mouth ulcers (mucositis). Which mouth care is best?

1. AMouthwash containing alcohol several times a day
2. BA hard toothbrush and lemon–glycerine swabs to clean the ulcers
3. CSpicy and acidic foods to stimulate saliva flow
4. DA soft toothbrush or sponge, bland rinses and soft, cool foods

Which diet is usually advised for a child with nephrotic syndrome while there is oedema?

1. AA carbohydrate-free diet to reduce fluid retention
2. BNo added salt
3. CA high-salt diet to replace losses in the urine
4. DA protein-free diet to rest the kidneys completely

A baby born at 27 weeks has grunting, chest retractions and rising oxygen needs. Which treatment directly addresses the cause?

1. ASurfactant given into the trachea
2. BOral glucose gel rubbed into the gums
3. CPhototherapy
4. DIV antibiotics for 7 days

A child has suspected septic shock. Which action is the most time-critical?

1. AGiving oral antibiotics and reviewing the child again in the morning
2. BGiving IV antibiotics as soon as possible, ideally within the first hour
3. CStarting antibiotics after the fever has been present for 24 hours
4. DWaiting for the blood culture results before starting any antibiotic treatment