儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

Which symptoms are classic for new type 1 diabetes in a child?

1. AA barking cough, fever and a hoarse voice
2. BJoint pain, a rash on the face and hair loss
3. CThirst, frequent urination, weight loss and tiredness
4. DWeight gain, feeling cold and long-standing constipation

What type of vaccine is the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine?

1. AA conjugate polysaccharide vaccine
2. BAn inactivated toxoid vaccine
3. CA live attenuated vaccine
4. DAn mRNA vaccine

Which health problem is common in babies with Down syndrome and is looked for soon after birth?

1. AClubfoot on both sides
2. BCongenital heart defects
3. CCleft lip and palate
4. DCataract only in old age

Which diet is usually advised for a child with nephrotic syndrome while there is oedema?

1. AA high-salt diet to replace losses in the urine
2. BNo added salt
3. CA carbohydrate-free diet to reduce fluid retention
4. DA protein-free diet to rest the kidneys completely

护士应如何为一名 4 岁儿童做操作前的准备？

1. A提前一周做详细的解释
2. B在操作前不久用简单的话解释，并让孩子摸一摸器械或在玩偶身上玩一玩
3. C什么都不解释，以免吓到孩子
4. D展示内脏器官的示意图

一名法洛四联症患儿在哭闹时突然变得非常青紫、呼吸急促。哪种体位有帮助？

1. A坐位，双腿下垂
2. B平躺仰卧
3. C头低位
4. D膝胸卧位（或蹲踞）

一名疑似阑尾炎的 10 岁儿童一直有剧烈腹痛，但疼痛突然明显缓解。这可能意味着什么？

1. A止痛药治好了问题
2. B阑尾炎已经缓解，孩子可以回家
3. C阑尾可能已穿孔；应立即上报
4. D这是正常的变化，无需随访

A boy with haemophilia A bumps his head hard on a table. He seems well. What should the nurse advise?

1. AGive aspirin for the pain and apply ice to the bump
2. BNo action is needed, because head bleeds are rare in haemophilia
3. CWatch him at home for a week and bring him in only if he vomits or has a headache
4. DSeek urgent care, as factor replacement may be needed before symptoms appear