儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

Why do girls taking isotretinoin for severe acne need strict pregnancy prevention?

1. AIt makes contraceptive pills fail
2. BIt causes heavy periods
3. CIt stops ovulation permanently
4. DIt causes serious birth defects

Which two vessels does the ductus arteriosus connect?

1. AThe superior vena cava and the right atrium
2. BThe right atrium and the left atrium
3. CThe pulmonary artery and the aorta
4. DThe umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava

At which times after birth is the Apgar score routinely assessed?

1. AAt 1 minute and at 5 minutes
2. BOnly once, at 24 hours of age
3. CAt 10 minutes and at 30 minutes
4. DAt birth and again at 1 hour

A child with a known peanut allergy is starting school. What is the most important step?

1. AKeeping the auto-injector at home, so that it cannot be lost or misused by other children
2. BAllowing the child to eat only foods brought by classmates
3. CAsking the child to tell the teachers if she feels unwell
4. DA written allergy action plan, with in-date auto-injectors and trained staff

Which sign shows that a baby is ready to start solid foods?

1. AHas cut a first tooth
2. BSits with support, holds the head steady and shows interest in food
3. CHas reached 6 weeks of age
4. DStarts waking more often during the night and seems hungry after milk feeds

What is the purpose of grommets (tympanostomy tubes) in a child with repeated middle ear problems?

1. ATo give antibiotics directly into the inner ear
2. BTo replace the damaged eardrum permanently
3. CTo ventilate the middle ear and let fluid drain
4. DTo widen the outer ear canal and reduce the build-up of wax

一名儿童因发热、颈部僵硬和压之不褪色的皮疹入院。优先事项是什么？

1. A开始飞沫隔离，并紧急请医生会诊，以免延误抗生素治疗
2. B等待腰椎穿刺后再进行任何治疗
3. C给予退热药，4 小时后再检查
4. D让孩子住在与其他儿童共用的病室内，4 小时后再检查皮疹和体温

Which finding in a teenager with anorexia nervosa most clearly suggests the need for hospital admission?

1. AMissing one menstrual period after starting a new diet
2. BWeighing 2 kg less than at last month's clinic visit
3. CFainting episodes with a very slow heart rate and low potassium
4. DWanting to exercise every day