儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

Which transmission-based precautions are used for a hospitalised child with chickenpox?

1. ADroplet precautions only, in a shared bay
2. BStandard precautions only
3. CContact precautions only
4. DAirborne and contact precautions

What is the most serious complication of Kawasaki disease?

1. AKidney failure needing dialysis
2. BCoronary artery aneurysms
3. CPermanent hearing loss
4. DDiabetes mellitus

一名到期接种疫苗的儿童患轻度感冒，体温 37.8 °C。一般原则是什么？

1. A孩子必须先服用抗生素
2. B孩子只能接种半剂
3. C疫苗必须推迟 4 周，等孩子痊愈
4. D轻微疾病不是推迟接种的理由

How should an infant with heart failure be fed?

1. ALying flat on the back so the baby does not need to hold the head up
2. BStop the feed when the baby tires and wait until the next scheduled feed
3. CSmall, frequent feeds with rest breaks, using higher-energy milk if prescribed
4. DLarge feeds every 6 hours so the baby can rest in between

How can the nurse best support a child with autism on a children's ward?

1. APlace the child in the busiest bay near the nurses' station
2. BKeep routines predictable, reduce noise and use visual schedules
3. CChange the nurse each shift so the child meets more people
4. DExplain all procedures only at the very last minute to avoid days of worry

Which sign shows that a baby is ready to start solid foods?

1. AStarts waking more often during the night and seems hungry after milk feeds
2. BHas reached 6 weeks of age
3. CHas cut a first tooth
4. DSits with support, holds the head steady and shows interest in food

During an insulin infusion for diabetic ketoacidosis, why is potassium monitored closely?

1. APotassium is needed to dissolve the insulin in the drip
2. BInsulin causes the kidneys to hold on to potassium, so blood levels rise dangerously
3. CPotassium has no role in DKA; it is a routine test only
4. DInsulin moves potassium into the cells, so blood potassium can fall sharply

A family with a 2-year-old has a swimming pool in the garden. Which measure gives the most protection against drowning?

1. AA four-sided fence with a self-closing, self-latching gate, plus constant supervision
2. BExplaining to the child that the pool is dangerous
3. CArm floats whenever the child is near the pool
4. DSwimming lessons from age 2, so that close supervision is no longer needed