儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

Which two vessels does the ductus arteriosus connect?

1. AThe right atrium and the left atrium
2. BThe superior vena cava and the right atrium
3. CThe umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava
4. DThe pulmonary artery and the aorta

What is the most serious complication of Kawasaki disease?

1. AKidney failure needing dialysis
2. BDiabetes mellitus
3. CPermanent hearing loss
4. DCoronary artery aneurysms

一名到期接种疫苗的儿童患轻度感冒，体温 37.8 °C。一般原则是什么？

1. A孩子必须先服用抗生素
2. B轻微疾病不是推迟接种的理由
3. C疫苗必须推迟 4 周，等孩子痊愈
4. D孩子只能接种半剂

婴儿的哪项发现提示发育性髋关节发育不良？

1. A大腿或臀部皮纹不对称，髋关节外展受限
2. B犬吠样咳嗽
3. C双腿等长，皮纹对称，双侧髋关节外展完全且轻松
4. D幼儿的罗圈腿

Why do young children with sickle cell disease usually take daily penicillin?

1. APenicillin stops red cells from changing shape
2. BPenicillin prevents pain crises in cold weather
3. CPoor spleen function puts them at high risk of pneumococcal infection
4. DSickle cells make the child allergic to most other antibiotics

A baby with developmental dysplasia of the hip has a Pavlik harness. Which teaching is correct?

1. AKeep it on as instructed, do not adjust the straps and check the skin daily
2. BApply powder and lotion under the straps to protect the skin
3. CTake it off every night so the baby can sleep more comfortably and move freely
4. DTighten the straps each week as the baby grows

A 10-year-old with cystic fibrosis is going to play football on a hot day. What should the nurse teach?

1. ADrink more and add extra salt, because more salt is lost in sweat
2. BAvoid all exercise, because it damages the lungs
3. CSkip the pancreatic enzymes on sports days to avoid stomach cramps
4. DRestrict fluids to prevent extra mucus

A toddler weighed 10 kg before 2 days of diarrhoea and now weighs 9.5 kg. How much has he lost?

1. A500 g, about 5% of his body weight, mostly fluid
2. B500 g, about 50% of his body weight
3. C1 kg, about 10% of his body weight
4. D50 g, about 0.5% of his body weight