儿科护理练习卷（附答案）

Where does neuroblastoma most often start?

1. AIn the white matter of the brain
2. BIn the adrenal gland
3. CIn the lining of the bladder
4. DIn the bone marrow of the pelvis

Which sign may be the first clue to retinoblastoma in a young child?

1. ARed, itchy eyes with a sticky yellow discharge
2. BA white pupil in photos instead of the usual red reflex
3. CTears running down the cheek on one side
4. DA droopy upper eyelid that appears after a cold

Which four features make up tetralogy of Fallot?

1. AVSD, mitral stenosis, coarctation of the aorta and an enlarged left atrium
2. BPatent ductus arteriosus, VSD, ASD and transposition of the great arteries
3. CVSD, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy
4. DASD, aortic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus and left ventricular hypertrophy

一名呼吸窘迫的儿童出现心动过缓。这意味着什么？

1. A孩子正在恢复并平静下来
2. B氧疗的副作用
3. C睡眠时的正常反应
4. D严重缺氧以及可能即将发生心脏骤停的征象

Which task can the registered nurse delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant) on a children's ward?

1. AAssessing pain after surgery and choosing the analgesia
2. BMeasuring and recording the vital signs of a stable child
3. CTeaching a parent how to give insulin injections
4. DCarrying out the admission assessment of a new patient

Which snack is safest for a 2-year-old?

1. ASmall pieces of soft cooked vegetables
2. BA handful of whole peanuts
3. CA small bowl of popcorn
4. DWhole grapes from the fruit bowl

An 18-month-old with gastroenteritis has a heart rate of 170/min, a capillary refill time of 4 seconds and cool hands and feet. Her blood pressure is normal. What does this indicate?

1. ACompensated shock that needs urgent treatment
2. BMild dehydration that only needs a drink
3. CShock is unlikely while the blood pressure is normal
4. DNormal findings in a toddler who is upset

During an insulin infusion for diabetic ketoacidosis, why is potassium monitored closely?

1. AInsulin moves potassium into the cells, so blood potassium can fall sharply
2. BPotassium has no role in DKA; it is a routine test only
3. CPotassium is needed to dissolve the insulin in the drip
4. DInsulin causes the kidneys to hold on to potassium, so blood levels rise dangerously