药理学练习卷（附答案）

Psyllium (ispaghula husk) is which type of laxative?

1. ABulk-forming
2. BOsmotic
3. CStimulant
4. DStool softener

哪类药物用于缓解急性哮喘发作？

1. Aβ 受体阻滞剂
2. BACE 抑制剂
3. C抗组胺药
4. D短效 β2 受体激动剂

With patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), who should press the button to give a dose?

1. AA family member when the patient is asleep
2. BThe nursing assistant at set times
3. COnly the patient
4. DAny visitor who thinks the patient is in pain

Which patient should usually not receive a live vaccine?

1. AA healthy adult nurse who works on a children's ward
2. BA healthy 1-year-old child
3. CA patient receiving chemotherapy for leukaemia
4. DA patient with mild seasonal allergies

Long-term use of metformin can cause a deficiency of which vitamin?

1. AVitamin K
2. BVitamin A
3. CVitamin B12
4. DVitamin D

格列齐特等磺脲类药物最重要的不良反应是什么？

1. A低血糖
2. B高钾血症
3. C乳酸酸中毒
4. D干咳

A patient on stable warfarin is prescribed a course of metronidazole. What is the likely effect, and what should the nurse expect?

1. AMetronidazole replaces warfarin, so warfarin is stopped
2. BThe INR rises, so closer INR monitoring is needed
3. CThe INR falls, so the risk of clotting increases
4. DThe INR stays the same, as these drugs do not interact

A patient taking carbimazole or methimazole (thiamazole) for Graves' disease reports a sore throat and fever. What should the nurse suspect and do?

1. AHypothyroidism; add levothyroxine at once
2. BThyroid storm; double the next dose of the drug
3. CAgranulocytosis; stop the drug and check the white cell count urgently
4. DA common cold; advise rest and fluids and continue the drug as usual