药理学练习卷（附答案）

吗啡的哪种副作用在持续使用后几乎从不消退？

1. A恶心
2. B瘙痒
3. C便秘
4. D嗜睡

阿托伐他汀等他汀类药物通过抑制哪种酶来降低胆固醇？

1. A环氧合酶
2. B脂蛋白脂肪酶
3. CHMG-CoA 还原酶
4. D血管紧张素转换酶

药物的通用名是什么？

1. A活性成分的非专有名称
2. B生产该药的药房名称
3. C公司为营销而选定的名称
4. D印在包装上的化学式

Why is directly observed therapy (DOT) often used for tuberculosis?

1. AThe drugs work only if a nurse is present
2. BPatients with TB cannot swallow tablets
3. CTreatment lasts months, and missed doses cause resistance
4. DTB drugs must always be given intravenously in hospital

下列哪一项是长期口服糖皮质激素的著名不良反应？

1. A低血糖
2. B体重减轻
3. C低血压
4. D骨质疏松

A patient taking levodopa finds that the drug works poorly after large meals. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ADouble the dose after each meal
2. BTake every dose with a large glass of milk and a protein snack
3. CAvoid taking doses at the same time as high-protein meals
4. DTake the drug only at bedtime

A woman with epilepsy who takes an antiepileptic drug plans to become pregnant. Which advice is standard?

1. ATake folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication
2. BAvoid folic acid because it lowers drug levels
3. CNo change is needed, as antiepileptics carry no risk in pregnancy
4. DStop all antiepileptic drugs straight away as soon as she stops contraception

A patient who used heroin a few hours ago is given a first dose of buprenorphine and quickly develops severe withdrawal. Why?

1. ABuprenorphine is a pure antagonist like naloxone with no agonist effect
2. BBuprenorphine has no effect at opioid receptors
3. CBuprenorphine is a high-affinity partial agonist that displaces heroin
4. DBuprenorphine causes an allergic reaction in heroin users