药理学练习卷（附答案）

Buspirone is used mainly to treat:

1. AGeneralised anxiety disorder
2. BSevere pain
3. CPanic attacks needing immediate relief
4. DAcute alcohol withdrawal

What is the most common side effect of first-generation antihistamines such as diphenhydramine?

1. ADiarrhoea
2. BInsomnia
3. CRaised blood pressure
4. DDrowsiness

What does "bacteriostatic" mean?

1. AThe drug kills viruses as well as bacteria
2. BThe drug prevents the patient's immune response
3. CThe drug kills bacteria directly by breaking down their cell wall
4. DThe drug stops bacteria multiplying without killing them directly

How should a patient store sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) tablets?

1. AIn a plastic weekly pill box with other tablets
2. BIn the fridge in a damp, open container to keep them fresh and cool
3. CIn the original dark glass bottle, away from heat, light and moisture
4. DLoose in a shirt pocket close to the body for quick access

Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?

1. AAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut
2. BBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted
3. CNo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week
4. DA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener

服用老一代 MAO 抑制剂的患者被警告避免富含酪胺的食物。可能会发生什么？

1. A过敏性皮疹
2. B高血压危象
3. C突发肾衰竭
4. D严重低血糖

A woman with chronic hypertension who takes lisinopril is now pregnant. What is the key concern?

1. ALisinopril has no known fetal effects and should be continued
2. BACE inhibitors harm fetal kidneys, so a safer drug is used
3. CLisinopril works better in pregnancy, so the dose should be increased
4. DAll antihypertensives must be stopped in pregnancy

An older patient who has taken omeprazole for many years has muscle cramps, tremor and an irregular heartbeat. Which lab finding is most likely linked to the drug?

1. ALow serum magnesium
2. BHigh serum calcium
3. CHigh serum sodium
4. DLow serum glucose