药理学练习卷（附答案）

How long does it usually take for an SSRI to improve mood noticeably?

1. AA few hours
2. BAbout six months
3. CSeveral weeks
4. DOne or two days

Which signs are typical of hypoglycaemia?

1. ASweating, shakiness, a fast heart rate and confusion
2. BFruity breath with deep, rapid breathing
3. CThirst, frequent urination and warm, dry, flushed skin
4. DA slow pulse, constipation and weight gain

Varenicline helps people stop smoking because it:

1. ABlocks dopamine receptors in the brain completely
2. BIs a nicotinic partial agonist that reduces craving and reward
3. CMakes cigarettes taste bitter
4. DIs a form of nicotine absorbed slowly through the skin

Why is simvastatin traditionally taken in the evening?

1. AIt must be taken with the largest meal of the day
2. BIt is inactivated by sunlight during the day
3. CIt causes too much drowsiness to be taken in the morning
4. DIt is short-acting, and cholesterol synthesis peaks at night

A patient with Addison's disease on hydrocortisone develops a fever with flu. What is the usual advice?

1. AIncrease the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
2. BHalve the hydrocortisone to reduce side effects
3. CMake no change, as illness does not affect cortisol needs
4. DStop the hydrocortisone until the fever settles, to let the body recover

A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?

1. AHide the tablet in the patient's food
2. BLeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
3. CExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber
4. DRecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift

A ventilated ICU patient receives vecuronium, a neuromuscular blocker. Why must sedation and pain relief also be given?

1. ANeuromuscular blockers paralyse muscles but do not cause sedation or analgesia
2. BVecuronium causes severe pain at the injection site
3. CVecuronium stops working unless a sedative is also given
4. DSedatives are needed to prevent vecuronium from causing seizures and agitation

A teenager took a large overdose of diphenhydramine. He is agitated, hot, flushed and confused, with dry skin, dilated pupils and a full bladder. What is this pattern?

1. AAnticholinergic toxidrome
2. BOpioid toxidrome
3. CCholinergic toxidrome
4. DSerotonin syndrome