药理学练习卷（附答案）

Alendronate, used for osteoporosis, belongs to which class?

1. ACalcium channel blockers
2. BCorticosteroids
3. CThyroid hormones
4. DBisphosphonates

药物的"效价强度"（potency）描述的是什么？

1. A产生一定效应所需的药物量
2. B药物所能产生的最大效应
3. C该药与同类其他药物相比有多安全
4. D药物在体内停留的时间

Which adverse effect is most common with colchicine?

1. ADiarrhoea, nausea and vomiting
2. BDrowsiness and slow breathing
3. CWeight gain and swelling
4. DConstipation and dry mouth

他汀类药物的哪种严重但罕见的不良反应需要患者立即报告？

1. A不明原因的肌肉疼痛或无力
2. B口中有金属味
3. C干咳
4. D踝部水肿

While giving medicines, a patient says, "That pill looks different from the one I usually take." What should the nurse do?

1. AExplain that only the staff decide which medicines are given
2. BStop and recheck the order and the medicine before giving it
3. CGive the pill and check the chart afterwards
4. DReassure the patient and give the pill anyway

Why are many drugs started at lower doses in older adults?

1. AKidney and liver clearance often decline, and sensitivity to drugs increases
2. BOlder adults always weigh more than younger adults, so drugs last longer
3. COlder adults absorb no drugs from the stomach
4. DLower doses are cheaper for older patients

Why should a dose never be written as "5.0 mg" on a medication order?

1. AThe pharmacy cannot supply doses that contain a decimal point
2. BThe decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg
3. CIt is too precise for most drugs
4. DIt means the dose must be given five times

使用氯霉素的新生儿可能发生"灰婴综合征"。主要原因是什么？

1. A新生儿产生针对该药的抗体
2. B氯霉素在新生儿体内转化为维生素 K
3. C肝脏葡萄糖醛酸化功能不成熟，使药物蓄积
4. D新生儿肾脏排泄该药太快，因此要给予更高剂量