药理学练习卷（附答案）

What does "PRN" mean on a medication order?

1. AImmediately, once only
2. BBefore meals
3. CEvery morning
4. DAs needed

Montelukast, used in asthma, belongs to which drug class?

1. AShort-acting beta-2 agonists
2. BInhaled corticosteroids
3. CLeukotriene receptor antagonists
4. DAntimuscarinic bronchodilators

什么是激动剂？

1. A破坏受体的药物
2. B与受体结合并激活受体的药物
3. C与受体结合并阻断受体的药物
4. D加快自身排泄的药物

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AOnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive
2. BAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
3. COnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level
4. DAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer

服用老一代 MAO 抑制剂的患者被警告避免富含酪胺的食物。可能会发生什么？

1. A严重低血糖
2. B高血压危象
3. C过敏性皮疹
4. D突发肾衰竭

A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?

1. AHide the tablet in the patient's food
2. BExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber
3. CLeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
4. DRecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift

A patient taking warfarin asks for something for a headache. Which drug is usually the safest choice?

1. AAspirin
2. BNaproxen
3. CParacetamol (acetaminophen)
4. DIbuprofen, at the lowest dose

20 世纪 50 年代末至 60 年代初的沙利度胺灾难以哪种效应最为著名？它导致了什么？

1. A成人肝衰竭；禁止所有镇静剂
2. B老年人心肌梗死；仿制药的出现
3. C婴儿严重的肢体缺陷；更严格的药物试验和监管
4. D儿童耳聋；终止动物实验