药理学练习卷（附答案）

A patient taking furosemide is advised to eat potassium-rich foods. Which food is a good choice?

1. ABananas
2. BWhite rice
3. CEgg whites
4. DButter

What is a "high-alert medication"?

1. AA drug that is expensive and must be kept in a locked cupboard
2. BA drug that causes more serious harm when used in error
3. CA new drug during its first year on the market
4. DAny drug that is given by the intravenous or intramuscular route

Filgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is given to:

1. ALower the white cell count in leukaemia
2. BIncrease the production of neutrophils
3. CIncrease the production of platelets
4. DStop bleeding from wounds

Which adverse effect of doxorubicin requires monitoring of heart function?

1. ARapid rise in cholesterol
2. BPericarditis caused by infection
3. CCumulative heart muscle damage leading to heart failure
4. DSevere hypertension during the infusion itself

100 mL of an antibiotic is to be given over 30 minutes using a giving set of 20 drops/mL. What is the drip rate?

1. AAbout 67 drops per minute
2. BAbout 33 drops per minute
3. CAbout 20 drops per minute
4. DAbout 100 drops per minute

Which assessment is most important during IV mannitol therapy?

1. APlatelet count and signs of bleeding
2. BBlood glucose before meals and signs of hypoglycaemia
3. CUrine output, electrolytes and signs of fluid overload
4. DLiver enzymes and signs of jaundice

A patient's record shows anaphylaxis to penicillin. Amoxicillin has been prescribed. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the amoxicillin with an antihistamine to prevent a reaction
2. BGive half the dose and observe for a reaction
3. CGive the amoxicillin, as it belongs to a different antibiotic group
4. DWithhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin

Ten days after chemotherapy, a patient has a temperature of 38.5 °C (101.3 °F) but says she feels fine. What should happen?

1. AParacetamol at home and review at the next routine clinic visit
2. BWait 48 hours to see whether the fever settles
3. CUrgent cultures and IV broad-spectrum antibiotics without delay
4. DStart oral antibiotics only if a rash develops