药理学练习卷（附答案）

What is the normal serum sodium range in adults?

1. A95–105 mmol/L
2. B3.5–5.0 mmol/L
3. C135–145 mmol/L
4. D150–165 mmol/L

Celecoxib selectively inhibits which enzyme?

1. APhospholipase A2
2. BCyclo-oxygenase-1 (COX-1)
3. CLipoxygenase
4. DCyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2)

Why is methadone used to treat opioid use disorder?

1. AIt causes vomiting if other opioids are used
2. BIt is a long-acting opioid that prevents withdrawal and craving
3. CIt is a pure opioid antagonist that blocks all opioid effects
4. DIt cures the liver damage caused by opioids

When should a patient take a once-daily proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole?

1. AWith a glass of milk at bedtime, when acid output is highest
2. BOnly when heartburn is severe
3. CAbout 30–60 minutes before the first meal of the day
4. DStraight after a large evening meal

In which patient is bupropion contraindicated?

1. AA patient with a seizure disorder or an eating disorder
2. BA patient with high blood cholesterol and a family history of it
3. CA patient with seasonal allergies
4. DA patient who wants to stop smoking

负荷剂量的作用是什么？

1. A减慢药物吸收
2. B减少治疗开始时的副作用
3. C快速达到目标血药浓度
4. D检测过敏反应

A patient on lisinopril for hypertension starts taking ibuprofen every day for knee pain. What is the main concern?

1. AA large fall in blood pressure, with fainting and falls on standing up
2. BA higher risk of a dry cough than with lisinopril alone
3. CWeaker blood pressure control, kidney injury and high potassium
4. DFaster liver metabolism of lisinopril, so it stops working

A woman has received a high-dose oxytocin infusion with large volumes of hypotonic fluid for many hours. She now has a headache, confusion and a low serum sodium. What is the most likely cause?

1. AExcessive salt in the infusion fluid
2. BWater intoxication from the antidiuretic effect of oxytocin
3. CNormal tiredness after a long labour
4. DAn allergic reaction to oxytocin causing brain swelling