药理学练习卷（附答案）

Why are corticosteroids such as betamethasone given to a woman at risk of preterm birth?

1. ATo speed up fetal lung maturity
2. BTo stop contractions completely
3. CTo prevent infection in the mother
4. DTo lower the mother's blood glucose

What is drug synergism?

1. ATwo drugs together produce exactly the sum of their separate effects
2. BTwo drugs together have a greater effect than the sum of each alone
3. COne drug cancels out the effect of another drug
4. DA drug loses its effect after repeated doses

What is a "high-alert medication"?

1. AA drug that is expensive and must be kept in a locked cupboard
2. BA new drug during its first year on the market
3. CA drug that causes more serious harm when used in error
4. DAny drug that is given by the intravenous or intramuscular route

A prescriber gives a verbal medication order in an emergency. What should the nurse do?

1. AAsk another nurse to remember the order
2. BWrite it down and read it back to the prescriber to confirm
3. CGive the drug without recording the order
4. DRemember it and write it in the chart at the end of the shift

Long-term use of metformin can cause a deficiency of which vitamin?

1. AVitamin B12
2. BVitamin A
3. CVitamin D
4. DVitamin K

二甲双胍主要通过什么方式降低血糖？

1. A减少肝脏葡萄糖的生成
2. B替代缺失的胰岛素
3. C阻断肾脏对葡萄糖的吸收
4. D刺激胰腺释放胰岛素

Before starting long-term bisphosphonate treatment, a patient is advised to have a dental check-up. Why?

1. AThey are linked to osteonecrosis of the jaw after dental surgery
2. BBisphosphonates stain the teeth black if taken for many years
3. CBisphosphonates dissolve tooth enamel within weeks
4. DBisphosphonates cause severe gum overgrowth

使用氯霉素的新生儿可能发生"灰婴综合征"。主要原因是什么？

1. A新生儿产生针对该药的抗体
2. B肝脏葡萄糖醛酸化功能不成熟，使药物蓄积
3. C氯霉素在新生儿体内转化为维生素 K
4. D新生儿肾脏排泄该药太快，因此要给予更高剂量