药理学练习卷（附答案）

哪种给药途径可以避免肝脏首过代谢？

1. A静脉给药
2. B口服片剂
3. C口服溶液
4. D放在直肠高位的栓剂

Why is anti-D immunoglobulin given to an Rh-negative mother?

1. ATo stop her forming anti-D antibodies against Rh-positive fetal cells
2. BTo treat anaemia in the newborn
3. CTo speed up labour
4. DTo make her own blood group Rh-positive before the next pregnancy

Which adverse effect can follow long-term use of strong topical corticosteroids?

1. APermanent darkening of the nails
2. BThinning of the skin
3. CThickening of the skin
4. DIncreased hair loss on the scalp

When should a patient take a once-daily proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole?

1. AOnly when heartburn is severe
2. BStraight after a large evening meal
3. CWith a glass of milk at bedtime, when acid output is highest
4. DAbout 30–60 minutes before the first meal of the day

A man taking tamsulosin is planning cataract surgery. What should the nurse advise?

1. AStop the drug for one day and no further action is needed
2. BTake a double dose on the day of surgery
3. CThe drug has no link with eye surgery
4. DTell the eye surgeon, as it can cause floppy iris syndrome

服用老一代 MAO 抑制剂的患者被警告避免富含酪胺的食物。可能会发生什么？

1. A过敏性皮疹
2. B突发肾衰竭
3. C严重低血糖
4. D高血压危象

一种半衰期短的药物以远长于其半衰期的给药间隔给药。达到稳态时结果如何？

1. A峰浓度和谷浓度之间波动很大
2. B逐渐蓄积到中毒浓度
3. C浓度非常稳定，几乎没有波动
4. D永远达不到稳态

有些受体即使没有激动剂也表现出活性。在这类受体上，反向激动剂与中性拮抗剂有何不同？

1. A单独给药时没有作用
2. B它永久破坏受体
3. C它使活性降到基础水平以下
4. D它使活性升高到基础水平以上