药理学练习卷（附答案）

Sumatriptan is used mainly to:

1. ATreat high blood pressure
2. BRelieve nerve pain from diabetes
3. CTreat an acute migraine attack
4. DPrevent epileptic seizures

Which harmless effect of rifampicin should patients be warned about?

1. AGreen colouring of the stools
2. BOrange-red colouring of urine, sweat and tears
3. CWhite spots on the teeth
4. DBlue colouring of the fingernails and lips

Which adverse effect can follow long-term use of strong topical corticosteroids?

1. AIncreased hair loss on the scalp
2. BThinning of the skin
3. CThickening of the skin
4. DPermanent darkening of the nails

Which advice helps reduce the most common side effect of varenicline?

1. ATake it after food with a full glass of water
2. BTake it with alcohol to reduce nausea
3. CTake it on an empty stomach at bedtime with a little milk
4. DTake double doses in the first week

Which group of signs suggests opioid withdrawal?

1. AConstipation, itching and a slow heart rate
2. BPinpoint pupils, slow breathing and drowsiness
3. CDry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision and confusion
4. DYawning, runny nose, sweating, dilated pupils and diarrhoea

Long-term use of metformin can cause a deficiency of which vitamin?

1. AVitamin A
2. BVitamin B12
3. CVitamin K
4. DVitamin D

Why is gentamicin often given once daily instead of in several small doses?

1. AIt is absorbed slowly from the muscle over 24 hours
2. BIts killing depends on high peak levels, with a post-antibiotic effect
3. CIts killing depends only on the time the level stays above the MIC
4. DIt has a very long half-life of several days

A patient starting sertraline is taught about the drug. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I feel better after a week, I can stop taking it."
2. B"It may take a few weeks to feel the full effect."
3. C"I will tell someone if I have thoughts of harming myself."
4. D"I may have some nausea at first."