药理学练习卷（附答案）

Alendronate, used for osteoporosis, belongs to which class?

1. ACorticosteroids
2. BBisphosphonates
3. CCalcium channel blockers
4. DThyroid hormones

Why is HIV treated with a combination of antiretroviral drugs?

1. ABecause each single drug cures only part of the infection
2. BBecause one drug alone causes no side effects
3. CTo suppress the virus and prevent drug resistance
4. DTo make the treatment shorter, usually a few weeks

洛哌丁胺用于治疗：

1. A便秘
2. B烧心
3. C腹泻
4. D恶心

Which adverse effect of ciprofloxacin should a patient report at once?

1. AA slightly bitter or metallic taste for a while after each dose
2. BDarker stools than usual
3. CMild tiredness in the first few days
4. DPain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon

During an amphotericin B infusion, the patient has fever, chills and shaking. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ASevere hypoglycaemia caused by the drug
2. BA common infusion reaction to amphotericin B
3. CA sign that the fungal infection is cured
4. DA sign that the drug has been given into an artery

Which early signs suggest systemic toxicity from a local anaesthetic?

1. AItchy rash and swelling only at the injection site
2. BNumbness around the mouth, metallic taste and tinnitus
3. CHeavy sweating, salivation and diarrhoea
4. DPinpoint pupils and slow, shallow breathing

可待因由 CYP2D6 转化为吗啡。在 CYP2D6 超快代谢者身上会发生什么？

1. A可待因只转化为无活性的化合物
2. B可待因以原形经尿排出
3. C可待因几乎没有镇痛作用，因为生成的吗啡很少
4. D生成更多吗啡，增加阿片类药物中毒风险

A patient on digoxin is started on amiodarone. What change should the nurse expect?

1. ANo interaction is expected
2. BDigoxin levels fall sharply, so the digoxin dose is doubled
3. CAmiodarone levels fall to zero
4. DDigoxin levels rise, so the digoxin dose is often reduced