药理学练习卷（附答案）

Amphotericin B is used mainly for:

1. ABacterial urinary tract infections
2. BSerious systemic fungal infections
3. CInfluenza in older people
4. DMild athlete's foot

Epoetin alfa, often used in chronic kidney disease, stimulates the production of:

1. AWhite blood cells
2. BPlatelets
3. CRed blood cells
4. DClotting factors

Which description fits insulin glargine?

1. AA rapid-acting insulin given with each meal
2. BAn oral tablet that makes the pancreas release insulin
3. CAn intermediate-acting cloudy insulin with a clear peak
4. DA long-acting basal insulin with no marked peak

药物的清除率描述的是什么？

1. A一次透析去除的药量
2. B被吸收的剂量比例
3. C单位时间内被清除药物的血浆容积
4. D药物从血浆中完全消失所需的时间

Why is testing for HLA-B*15:02 recommended before carbamazepine in people of some Asian ancestries?

1. AThis gene variant speeds up the kidney excretion of carbamazepine
2. BThis gene variant causes carbamazepine to raise blood glucose
3. CThis gene variant makes carbamazepine ineffective
4. DIt greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome

Which adverse effect of ciprofloxacin should a patient report at once?

1. ADarker stools than usual
2. BA slightly bitter or metallic taste for a while after each dose
3. CMild tiredness in the first few days
4. DPain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon

为什么建议使用长效硝酸酯类药物的患者每天有几小时的无硝酸酯期？

1. A防止对硝酸酯产生耐受
2. B降低出血风险
3. C让肝脏从毒性中恢复
4. D避免硝酸酯在脂肪组织中蓄积

为什么庆大霉素的给药需要监测血药浓度？

1. A它有肾毒性和耳毒性，且治疗指数窄
2. B它会引起严重低血糖
3. C它完全由肝脏代谢，因此由肝功能决定剂量
4. D它只在极高浓度下有效