药理学练习卷（附答案）

Filgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is given to:

1. AStop bleeding from wounds
2. BIncrease the production of platelets
3. CLower the white cell count in leukaemia
4. DIncrease the production of neutrophils

Which adverse effect of ethambutol requires vision checks?

1. APermanent dilation of the pupils
2. BBleeding in the back of the eye
3. CCataracts that form within a few days of starting
4. DOptic neuritis, with blurred vision and colour blindness

Which drug is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity?

1. ACalcium gluconate
2. BPotassium chloride
3. CProtamine sulfate
4. DNaloxone

A patient starting niacin (nicotinic acid) complains of flushing and warmth after doses. Which advice may reduce this?

1. ATake aspirin 30 minutes before the niacin, if the prescriber agrees
2. BTake the niacin with a hot drink so that it dissolves and acts faster
3. CDouble the dose to build tolerance faster
4. DTake it on an empty stomach in a hot bath

Besides lithium levels, which blood tests are monitored in long-term lithium treatment?

1. ATroponin and CK-MB
2. BINR and fibrinogen
3. CKidney function and thyroid function
4. DLiver enzymes, serum amylase and lipase

How should a hyoscine (scopolamine) patch for motion sickness be used?

1. ACut it in half for children without advice
2. BApply it to the chest only after the vomiting has started
3. CSwallow it if no water is available
4. DApply it behind the ear several hours before travel

In adult cardiac arrest with shock-refractory ventricular fibrillation, which antiarrhythmic is commonly given?

1. AAdenosine
2. BVerapamil
3. CAmiodarone
4. DDigoxin

静脉给予 500 mg 后，初始血浆浓度为 10 mg/L。表观分布容积是多少？

1. A5 L
2. B50 L
3. C5000 L
4. D500 L