药理学练习卷（附答案）

In Addison's disease, fludrocortisone is given to replace which hormone?

1. AThyroxine
2. BAdrenaline
3. CCortisol
4. DAldosterone

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. ABlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
2. BExcess saliva production
3. COvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)
4. DLoss of taste

吗啡的哪种副作用在持续使用后几乎从不消退？

1. A便秘
2. B瘙痒
3. C嗜睡
4. D恶心

Which side effects are most common when starting gabapentin?

1. AHair loss and weight loss
2. BDrowsiness and dizziness
3. CCough and runny nose
4. DInsomnia and agitation

A patient is starting olanzapine. Which monitoring is most important over the following months?

1. AHearing tests and vision tests every month
2. BINR and platelet count
3. CWeight, blood glucose and blood lipids
4. DPeak expiratory flow

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. ACount the respiratory rate each evening
2. BCheck the blood glucose before every meal
3. CWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales
4. DMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary

A patient on warfarin is taught about diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will keep the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat about the same each week."
2. B"I will stop eating all green vegetables from now on."
3. C"I will use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor."
4. D"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."

药物 X 的最大反应为 100%，EC50 为 1 mg。药物 Y 的最大反应为 100%，EC50 为 10 mg。哪种说法正确？

1. AY 的效价强度高于 X，两者效能相同
2. BX 的效价强度高于 Y，两者效能相同
3. CY 的效能高于 X
4. DX 的效能高于 Y