药理学练习卷（附答案）

哪种血浆蛋白结合大多数酸性药物，如华法林？

1. A胰岛素
2. B血红蛋白
3. C纤维蛋白原
4. D白蛋白

Varenicline helps people stop smoking because it:

1. ABlocks dopamine receptors in the brain completely
2. BIs a nicotinic partial agonist that reduces craving and reward
3. CMakes cigarettes taste bitter
4. DIs a form of nicotine absorbed slowly through the skin

What is the most common side effect of first-generation antihistamines such as diphenhydramine?

1. ARaised blood pressure
2. BDrowsiness
3. CDiarrhoea
4. DInsomnia

Which lab tests are monitored in a patient taking carbamazepine?

1. AINR and aPTT
2. BFull blood count and serum sodium
3. CThyroid antibodies and cortisol
4. DSerum amylase and lipase

An IV site is cool, swollen and pale, and the infusion is running slowly. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the infusion rate to push through and clear the blockage
2. BApply a tight bandage over the site
3. CFlush the cannula forcefully with saline
4. DStop the infusion, remove the cannula and elevate the limb

Why should a patient rinse the mouth after using an inhaled corticosteroid?

1. ATo stop the drug being absorbed too quickly into the blood
2. BTo make the drug work faster in the lungs
3. CTo reduce the risk of oral thrush (candidiasis) and hoarseness
4. DTo prevent a fall in blood glucose

A patient on simvastatin is prescribed gemfibrozil. What is the main concern?

1. AA much higher risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
2. BSevere hypoglycaemia
3. CLoss of all lipid-lowering effect
4. DA sharp rise in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides

A noradrenaline infusion is running through a peripheral cannula. The skin around the site becomes pale, cold and hard. What should the nurse do?

1. ALeave the infusion running and recheck in 4 hours
2. BStop the infusion at that site and follow the extravasation protocol
3. CApply heat and massage the area, then continue the infusion
4. DIncrease the rate to improve blood flow to the area