药理学练习卷（附答案）

Which of these insulins is rapid-acting?

1. ANPH (isophane) insulin
2. BInsulin lispro
3. CInsulin glargine
4. DInsulin detemir

Giving a patient immunoglobulin after exposure to an infection provides which type of immunity?

1. APassive immunity
2. BActive immunity
3. CHerd immunity
4. DInnate immunity

What is a "broad-spectrum" antibiotic?

1. AOne that acts against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
2. BOne that is taken for a long time at low dose to prevent any infection
3. COne that also treats viral and fungal infections
4. DOne that is given only intravenously in hospital

An adult patient is due to receive digoxin. The apical pulse, counted for a full minute, is 52 beats per minute. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive half the dose and document the pulse
2. BWithhold the dose and notify the prescriber
3. CGive the dose with food to slow absorption
4. DGive the dose and recheck the pulse in one hour

How are most medication doses for children calculated?

1. ABy giving half of the adult dose to all children under 12
2. BBy the child's height alone
3. CBy the child's age in years only
4. DBy body weight in kilograms, or sometimes body surface area

负荷剂量的作用是什么？

1. A减少治疗开始时的副作用
2. B快速达到目标血药浓度
3. C检测过敏反应
4. D减慢药物吸收

A patient taking furosemide has a serum potassium of 2.9 mmol/L (mEq/L). Which ECG change is typical of this level?

1. AA short QT interval with high R waves
2. BWidened QRS with a sine-wave pattern
3. CFlattened T waves and prominent U waves
4. DTall, peaked T waves

A man taking doxazosin for hypertension starts sildenafil for erectile dysfunction. What is the main risk?

1. ASevere hypertension and a pounding headache
2. BSymptomatic low blood pressure and fainting
3. CBronchospasm
4. DHyperkalaemia