药理学练习卷（附答案）

Which of these is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic?

1. AChlorpromazine
2. BHaloperidol
3. CFluphenazine
4. DOlanzapine

How do second-generation antihistamines such as cetirizine and loratadine differ from older ones?

1. AThey are given only by injection
2. BThey block H2 receptors in the stomach
3. CThey work only on the skin
4. DThey cause much less drowsiness

什么是激动剂？

1. A加快自身排泄的药物
2. B与受体结合并阻断受体的药物
3. C破坏受体的药物
4. D与受体结合并激活受体的药物

哪个因素会增加锂中毒的风险？

1. A随餐服药
2. B脱水
3. C多喝水
4. D高盐饮食

A patient given haloperidol develops a sudden painful twisting of the neck and the eyes roll upward. Which drug is usually given?

1. ADantrolene by mouth to relax the twisted neck muscles
2. BA second dose of haloperidol
3. CAn anticholinergic such as benzatropine (benztropine)
4. DNaloxone

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
2. BGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
3. CGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol
4. DGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth

Carboprost is a prostaglandin used for postpartum haemorrhage. In which woman should it be avoided?

1. AA woman with asthma
2. BA woman who had a vaginal birth
3. CA woman who is breastfeeding
4. DA woman with iron deficiency anaemia

A patient who has taken lorazepam daily for many months stops it suddenly. Which serious complication may follow?

1. AWithdrawal seizures
2. BPinpoint pupils and coma
3. CSevere bradycardia
4. DProfound respiratory depression