药理学练习卷（附答案）

药物的通用名是什么？

1. A生产该药的药房名称
2. B活性成分的非专有名称
3. C印在包装上的化学式
4. D公司为营销而选定的名称

Dobutamine is mainly used to:

1. AIncrease heart contractility in cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure
2. BSlow the heart rate in fast atrial fibrillation with low blood pressure
3. CTreat high blood pressure at home
4. DDissolve clots in the coronary arteries

Which herbal product is commonly taken for sleep and can add to the effect of sedatives?

1. AValerian
2. BGinger
3. CCranberry
4. DPeppermint

A patient uses two different eye drops at the same time of day. What should the nurse advise?

1. AMix the drops in one bottle first
2. BWait at least 5 minutes between the two drops
3. CUse only one of them each day
4. DPut both drops in at exactly the same moment

新斯的明如何改善重症肌无力患者的肌力？

1. A它抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶，使更多乙酰胆碱到达受体
2. B它直接刺激肌肉中的毒蕈碱受体
3. C它阻断针对受体的自身抗体
4. D它增加神经肌肉接头处乙酰胆碱受体的数量

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice
2. BGive intramuscular glucagon at once
3. CGive the next scheduled dose of insulin
4. DGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer

A patient taking carbimazole or methimazole (thiamazole) for Graves' disease reports a sore throat and fever. What should the nurse suspect and do?

1. AHypothyroidism; add levothyroxine at once
2. BAgranulocytosis; stop the drug and check the white cell count urgently
3. CA common cold; advise rest and fluids and continue the drug as usual
4. DThyroid storm; double the next dose of the drug

对于一级消除的药物，剂量加倍（给药间隔不变）会：

1. A使达到稳态的时间减半
2. B使半衰期加倍
3. C稳态浓度不变，但达到稳态所需的时间减半
4. D使稳态浓度加倍，但不改变达到稳态的时间