药理学练习卷（附答案）

Which herbal product is commonly taken for sleep and can add to the effect of sedatives?

1. ACranberry
2. BValerian
3. CPeppermint
4. DGinger

名称以"-olol"结尾的药物（如阿替洛尔）属于哪一类？

1. Aβ 受体阻滞剂
2. B钙通道阻滞剂
3. C他汀类
4. DACE 抑制剂

Which adverse effect is most common with colchicine?

1. ADiarrhoea, nausea and vomiting
2. BWeight gain and swelling
3. CDrowsiness and slow breathing
4. DConstipation and dry mouth

Why is testing for HLA-B*15:02 recommended before carbamazepine in people of some Asian ancestries?

1. AThis gene variant speeds up the kidney excretion of carbamazepine
2. BThis gene variant causes carbamazepine to raise blood glucose
3. CThis gene variant makes carbamazepine ineffective
4. DIt greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. AMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary
2. BCheck the blood glucose before every meal
3. CWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales
4. DCount the respiratory rate each evening

How is adenosine given for supraventricular tachycardia?

1. AAs a tablet under the tongue
2. BAs a rapid IV push followed by a fast saline flush
3. CAs an intramuscular injection into the outer thigh muscle
4. DAs a slow infusion over one hour

A child has a tonic–clonic seizure lasting more than 5 minutes at home and has no IV access. Which drug can be given first by a trained carer or paramedic?

1. AOral paracetamol syrup
2. BBuccal or intranasal midazolam
3. COral phenytoin tablets crushed in water
4. DIntramuscular morphine

使用氯霉素的新生儿可能发生"灰婴综合征"。主要原因是什么？

1. A新生儿产生针对该药的抗体
2. B肝脏葡萄糖醛酸化功能不成熟，使药物蓄积
3. C新生儿肾脏排泄该药太快，因此要给予更高剂量
4. D氯霉素在新生儿体内转化为维生素 K