药理学练习卷（附答案）

Which herbal product is commonly taken for sleep and can add to the effect of sedatives?

1. ACranberry
2. BValerian
3. CPeppermint
4. DGinger

吸入性糖皮质激素在哮喘中的主要作用是什么？

1. A杀死气道中的细菌
2. B稀释痰液以便咳出
3. C减轻气道炎症，预防发作
4. D在几分钟内缓解突发的支气管痉挛

贴在皮肤上的芬太尼贴剂属于哪种给药途径？

1. A皮内
2. B经皮
3. C皮下
4. D舌下

After several years of levodopa treatment, which problem is common?

1. ADyskinesias and "on–off" fluctuations in response
2. BSevere hypoglycaemia after each dose
3. CComplete and permanent loss of all Parkinson's symptoms
4. DPermanent hearing loss

During a rapid infusion of vancomycin, a patient develops flushing and a red rash on the face, neck and upper body. What is the most likely cause and action?

1. AA sign that the infection is spreading; give a second dose
2. BAn infusion reaction; stop or slow the infusion and inform the prescriber
3. CA normal effect; increase the infusion rate to finish sooner
4. DAcute kidney failure; stop all IV fluids and antibiotics at once

A man takes finasteride. What should be explained about handling the tablets?

1. AThe tablets must be stored in the fridge
2. BThe tablets must be crushed before swallowing
3. CAnyone can handle the tablets, as they contain no active drug
4. DPregnant women should not handle crushed or broken tablets

为什么 β 受体阻滞剂可能掩盖糖尿病患者的低血糖预警症状？

1. A它们减弱震颤、心悸等肾上腺素能症状
2. B它们升高血糖，因此完全不会发生低血糖
3. C它们引起发热，掩盖出汗
4. D它们完全阻断胰岛素释放

Which heart failure drug improves symptoms and reduces hospital admissions but has not been shown to reduce mortality?

1. AA beta blocker such as bisoprolol
2. BA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist such as spironolactone
3. CDigoxin
4. DAn ACE inhibitor