药理学练习卷（附答案）

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. ARelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose
2. BKills bacteria in the prostate
3. CIncreases testosterone production
4. DInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate

How does tramadol relieve pain?

1. AWeak opioid agonism plus inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline
2. BBlocking COX enzymes in the periphery
3. CAntagonising NMDA receptors in the spinal cord and blocking sodium channels
4. DBlocking sodium channels in peripheral nerves

Oxytocin is used in obstetrics mainly to:

1. AInduce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding
2. BMature the fetal lungs before birth
3. CStop preterm labour by relaxing the uterine muscle
4. DLower blood pressure in pre-eclampsia

After instilling eye drops, why should the patient press gently on the inner corner of the eye for a minute or two?

1. ATo stop the eye from producing tears for about an hour
2. BTo make the pupil dilate faster
3. CTo spread the drop evenly over the eyelid
4. DTo reduce drainage into the nose and absorption into blood

A patient taking levodopa finds that the drug works poorly after large meals. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid taking doses at the same time as high-protein meals
2. BTake the drug only at bedtime
3. CTake every dose with a large glass of milk and a protein snack
4. DDouble the dose after each meal

Which blood test is used to monitor warfarin therapy?

1. ASerum albumin
2. BActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
3. CINR (prothrombin time)
4. DPlatelet count

A patient with angina is taught to use sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin). Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will replace my tablets before the expiry date."
2. B"I may get a headache after taking it."
3. C"If the pain is no better after one tablet, I will wait an hour before calling for help."
4. D"I will sit down before I take the tablet, because it can make me feel faint or dizzy."

一种半衰期短的药物以远长于其半衰期的给药间隔给药。达到稳态时结果如何？

1. A逐渐蓄积到中毒浓度
2. B永远达不到稳态
3. C浓度非常稳定，几乎没有波动
4. D峰浓度和谷浓度之间波动很大