药理学练习卷（附答案）

免费可打印的药理学练习卷：8 道题，从简单到考试水平，附答案。可打印或另存为 PDF。

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姓名: ____________________   日期: ____________

1.简单

什么是药物耐受性？

  1. A服用药物而完全不产生任何副作用的能力
  2. B对药物的过敏反应
  3. C每次服药反应都更强
  4. D反复使用后反应减弱，因此需要更大剂量
2.简单

Why do nurses wear chemotherapy-tested gloves and gowns when handling cytotoxic drugs?

  1. ATo keep the drugs warm during the infusion
  2. BTo protect the drug from light
  3. CBecause cytotoxic drugs are radioactive and give off radiation
  4. DTo avoid exposure to drugs that may cause cancer or birth defects
3.简单

Why is magnesium sulfate given to a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?

  1. ATo prevent eclamptic seizures
  2. BTo treat a urinary infection
  3. CTo raise her blood pressure
  4. DTo start labour contractions
4.中等

Why is testing for HLA-B*15:02 recommended before carbamazepine in people of some Asian ancestries?

  1. AThis gene variant causes carbamazepine to raise blood glucose
  2. BIt greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
  3. CThis gene variant speeds up the kidney excretion of carbamazepine
  4. DThis gene variant makes carbamazepine ineffective
5.中等

Methylergometrine (methylergonovine) is prescribed for postpartum bleeding. Which finding would make the nurse withhold it and check with the prescriber?

  1. ABlood pressure of 160/105 mmHg
  2. BTemperature of 37.2 °C (99 °F)
  3. CHeart rate of 88 per minute
  4. DHaemoglobin slightly below normal
6.中等

Why is aspirin avoided in children and teenagers with viral illnesses such as flu or chickenpox?

  1. AIt stops the vaccine from working
  2. BIt is linked to Reye's syndrome, which harms the liver and brain
  3. CIt causes severe, permanent hearing loss in young children
  4. DIt causes grey baby syndrome
7.困难

A patient receives high-dose IV aciclovir for herpes encephalitis. Which nursing action reduces the main risk to the kidneys?

  1. ARestrict oral and IV fluids to prevent brain swelling
  2. BGive the infusion as a rapid push
  3. CKeep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly
  4. DGive a loop diuretic before each dose
8.困难

Why is gentamicin often given once daily instead of in several small doses?

  1. AIt is absorbed slowly from the muscle over 24 hours
  2. BIt has a very long half-life of several days
  3. CIts killing depends only on the time the level stays above the MIC
  4. DIts killing depends on high peak levels, with a post-antibiotic effect

答案

  1. 1. D · 反复使用后反应减弱，因此需要更大剂量
  2. 2. D · To avoid exposure to drugs that may cause cancer or birth defects
  3. 3. A · To prevent eclamptic seizures
  4. 4. B · It greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
  5. 5. A · Blood pressure of 160/105 mmHg
  6. 6. B · It is linked to Reye's syndrome, which harms the liver and brain
  7. 7. C · Keep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly
  8. 8. D · Its killing depends on high peak levels, with a post-antibiotic effect

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