药理学练习卷（附答案）

What is a "superinfection" during antibiotic treatment?

1. AAn infection that is cured by a single antibiotic dose
2. BAn infection that spreads from one patient to another on the ward
3. CA very severe form of the original infection
4. DA new infection because normal body flora are disturbed

什么是治疗指数？

1. A每天的给药次数
2. B中毒剂量与有效剂量之比
3. C口服剂量中到达体循环的百分比
4. D达到稳态所需的时间

Psyllium (ispaghula husk) is which type of laxative?

1. AStimulant
2. BOsmotic
3. CStool softener
4. DBulk-forming

Why is ketorolac given only for a short course?

1. AIt quickly loses all its pain-relieving effect because of tolerance
2. BIt causes respiratory depression after a few days
3. CGI bleeding and kidney injury become more likely with longer use
4. DIt is a strong opioid that causes addiction

A man taking tamsulosin is planning cataract surgery. What should the nurse advise?

1. AStop the drug for one day and no further action is needed
2. BThe drug has no link with eye surgery
3. CTake a double dose on the day of surgery
4. DTell the eye surgeon, as it can cause floppy iris syndrome

A patient receiving chemotherapy has a very low neutrophil count and is going home. Which teaching is most important?

1. ATake paracetamol regularly so that fevers do not show
2. BReport a temperature of 38 °C (100.4 °F) or higher straight away
3. CEat plenty of raw shellfish to boost protein
4. DExercise in crowded gyms to build strength

Before starting long-term bisphosphonate treatment, a patient is advised to have a dental check-up. Why?

1. ABisphosphonates dissolve tooth enamel within weeks
2. BThey are linked to osteonecrosis of the jaw after dental surgery
3. CBisphosphonates stain the teeth black if taken for many years
4. DBisphosphonates cause severe gum overgrowth

为什么正在使用硝酸酯类药物治疗心绞痛的患者禁用西地那非？

1. A西地那非阻断血管中硝酸酯向一氧化氮的转化
2. B两者都升高血管平滑肌中的 cGMP，可能引起严重低血压
3. C硝酸酯类阻断西地那非在肝脏中的代谢
4. D合用会引起危险的高钾血症